Metabolic and Mitochondrial Crosstalk in Insulin and cAMP Pathways in Fragile X Syndrome
Fragile X syndrome research explores insulin and cAMP pathway crosstalk, mapping brain metabolism to guide treatment strategies.
Pharmacologically Activating mGluR7 as a Novel Therapy for Fragile X Syndrome
Join Dr. Tsai and Dr. Kumar on a journey into novel treatments for Fragile X syndrome. Activating mGluR7 could be a game-changer, opening up uncharted therapeutic territory.
Correcting the Brain’s Emotional Memory Center
FRAXA Investigator Dr. Sumatra Chattarji investigated the synaptic basis of deficient conditioned fear and its reversal in Fragile X syndrome rats. Results published.
Cellular-Specific Therapeutic Targeting of Inhibitory Circuits in Fragile X Syndrome
The team studied how inhibitory brain circuits malfunction in Fragile X and tested ways to restore balance by targeting mGluR and endocannabinoid signaling.
Scientists Find a New Way to Reverse Symptoms of Fragile X
FRAXA Investigator and MIT Professor Mark Bear and his colleagues have identified a valuable new target for Fragile X therapeutics: GSK3 alpha. Several FRAXA research teams previously identified GSK3 beta as a treatment target for Fragile X. The catch is that, so far, GSK3 beta inhibitors have proven too toxic for regular use. Dr. Bear’s new discovery opens up the possibility of developing more selective compounds with less toxicity and fewer side effects. Interestingly, lithium inhibits both GSK3 versions – alpha and beta.
Ganaxolone Fragile X Clinical Trial Showed Disappointing Results
Ganaxolone, an experimental drug from Marinus Pharmaceuticals which targets GABA receptors, did not show promise for Fragile X syndrome in a clinical trial.
Screening 2,320 FDA-Approved Drugs for Potential Treatment of Fragile X
FRAXA funded a screen of 2,320 FDA-approved compounds in the Fragile X fly model to identify hits that improve memory and social behavior for advanced testing.
Spectrum News – Newly Discovered Aspects of Fragile X Spur Next Wave of Drugs
Many drugs for Fragile X syndrome have failed in large clinical trials, but candidates that target new aspects of the condition may fare better.
How Promising is CRISPR for Fragile X?
Peter Todd, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurology in the University of Michigan Medical School, was awarded a FRAXA Research Grant for gene reactivation with the use of CRISPR. In this interview he tells us about CRISPR in Fragile X research, how realistic is it that it could turn the Fragile X gene back on, and if it can really cure Fragile X.
Clinical Trial of Ganaxolone in Patients with Fragile X Syndrome
Dr. Frank Kooy and colleagues conducted a double blind crossover trial of ganaxolone in patients with Fragile X with FRAXA funding. Results of this study were mixed.
Repurposing Available Drugs to Treat Fragile X Syndrome – FRAXA Initiatives
FRAXA Research Foundation was founded in 1994 to fund biomedical research aimed at finding a cure for Fragile X syndrome and, ultimately, autism. We prioritize translational research with the potential to lead to improved treatments for Fragile X in the near term. Our early efforts involved supporting a great deal of basic neuroscience to understand the cause of Fragile X. By 1996, these efforts had already begun to yield results useful for drug repurposing. To date, FRAXA has funded well over $25 million in research, with over $3 million of that for repurposing existing drugs for Fragile X.
PIKE as a Central Regulator of Synaptic Dysfunction in Fragile X Syndrome
With $255,000 from FRAXA Research Foundation, Dr. Suzanne Zukin at Albert Einstein College of Medicine studied signalling pathways in Fragile X syndrome.
Mark Bear’s Goal: Disease-Modifying Treatments for Fragile X
Researcher Mark Bear, PhD, Picower Professor of Neuroscience, sees success developing disease-modifying treatments for Fragile X syndrome and other developmental brain disorders. Finally, hope. And it comes from his lab, The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Enhancement of NMDA Receptor Signaling for the Treatment of Fragile X Syndrome
Drs. Emily Osterweil and Stephanie Barnes investigated NMDA receptor signaling and how rebalancing protein synthesis could correct Fragile X brain abnormalities.
Abnormalities of Synaptic Plasticity in the Fragile X Amygdala
With FRAXA funding, Dr. Sumantra Chattarji at NCBS explored how Fragile X alters amygdala function. Results were published.
Targeting AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Fragile X Syndrome
With this grant from FRAXA, Dr. Peter Vanderklish explored AMPK activators to treat Fragile X. Both metformin and resveratrol, found in red wine, are AMPK activators.
Fruit Flies to Model and Test Fragile X Treatments
Boosting cAMP signaling restores memory and fixes brain-signaling defects in Fragile X models, suggesting diabetes drugs like metformin may help.
Fragile X Treatment: New Research Directions
In the wake of negative results from several high-profile clinical trials in Fragile X, we find ourselves questioning many of our previous assumptions about the nature of this disorder. After all, understanding the basic pathology of disease is critical to development of new treatments — this is true across the board, in all branches of medicine.
Seizures in Fragile X Syndrome and Therapeutic Potential of NMDA Receptor Antagonists
Dr. Wong studies how NMDA and mGluR receptors interact to trigger seizures in Fragile X, revealing NR2B-specific blockers as a promising targeted treatment.
Why Did Fragile X Clinical Trials of mGluR Antagonists Fail?
by Michael Tranfaglia, MD. In my opinion, the Fragile X clinical trials of AFQ056 sponsored by Novartis failed because of a dose range that was inadequate for Fragile X, and because of the unexpected development of tolerance.
Translation-Independent Functions of FMRP in Excitability, Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity
Study pinpointed presynaptic calcium dysfunction as the driver of STP defects in Fragile X, and BK channel activation restored normal synaptic signaling.
The mTOR Pathway in Fragile X Syndrome
FRAXA-funded research showed that blocking S6K1 in Fragile X mice improves social, behavioral, and physical symptoms.
Lovastatin Discovery in Fragile X Mice Leads FRAXA to Fund Clinical Trials
Dr. Emily Osterweil was awarded the FRAXA Pioneer Award at the opening dinner of the 2011 FRAXA Investigators Meeting in Southbridge, MA for her work demonstrating that Lovastatin could treat Fragile X. Dr. Osterweil conducted her experiments in the MIT laboratory of Dr. Mark Bear and has since established her own laboratory at the University of Edinburgh. The team discovered that lovastatin, a drug widely prescribed for high cholesterol, can correct excess hippocampal protein synthesis in the mouse model of FXS and can prevent epileptogenesis. The work is published in the prestigious neuroscience journal Neuron: Lovastatin Corrects Excess Protein Synthesis and Prevents Epileptogenesis in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome.
Endocannabinoid Mediated Synaptic Plasticity in Fragile X Mice
FRAXA-funded studies found faulty endocannabinoid signaling in Fragile X brain circuits for reward and emotion, and boosting 2-AG restored normal function.